A new offence is to be created to stop paedophiles soliciting explicit photos from children on mobiles or online.
Prime Minister David Cameron told the Daily Mail the law change in England and Wales would close a loophole that has seen people escape prosecution.
Sexual communication with a child will carry up to two years in prison.
A Downing Street summit will hear that monitoring agency GCHQ and the National Crime Agency will get powers to target abusers sharing internet content.
The joint unit will tackle people who are using increasingly sophisticated encryption techniques and the so-called "dark-net" to hide their true identities and trade child abuse images and videos.
Mr Cameron will use the summit attended by internet firms and experts to announce that the Serious Crime Bill currently going through Parliament will be used to introduce the new measures.
It will also be made illegal to possess material offering guidance on abusing children.
'Alarming phenomenon'It is already against the law for an adult to exchange explicit images by text or via the internet with someone under the age of 16 but there is no specific law preventing them from requesting sexual pictures.
Mr Cameron told the Daily Mail: "We have seen an increasing and alarming phenomenon of adults grooming children online, encouraging them to send images of themselves.
"There can be no grey areas here. If you ask a child to take their clothes off and send a picture, you are as guilty as if you did that in person."
Although prosecutors have attempted to use other legislation, such as the Sexual Offences Act 2003, to pursue online paedophiles grooming children in this way, they have had to prove that incitement to commit sexual activity took place.
The new offence will make it illegal for anyone over 18 to talk about sex to a child under the age of 16 on a chat room, send sexually explicit text messages or invite them to communicate sexually.
It follows a campaign by the NSPCC charity to close what it dubbed the "flaw in the law".
Digital fingerprintsThe summit will also hear of new solutions developed by tech giants including Microsoft, Google, Facebook and Twitter to track down offenders.
"Digital fingerprints" of thousands of known child sex abuse photographs identified by UK charity the Internet Watch Foundation will be used to block images being shared.
Mr Cameron will announce that technology identifying and blocking known child abuse videos has been developed by Google and will be rolled out to the wider industry.
It is also understood that Microsoft, Google and Mozilla are to look into building restrictions into their browsers - Internet Explorer, Chrome and Firefox - to prevent people accessing the websites of known child abuse material.
Mr Cameron said: "Every time someone chooses to view an online image or a video of a child being abused, they are choosing to participate in a horrific crime.
"I want to build a better future for our children. The package I am announcing today is a watershed moment in reducing the volume of child abuse images online."
Representatives from more than 50 countries, 23 leading technology companies and nine non-governmental organisations are attending We Protect Children Online summit.
A series of commitments from more than 30 countries to increase law enforcement in the field will also be unveiled.
Are you a parent of a child who has affected by the issues mentioned on the story? You can email us to haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk.
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