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Scots tobacco display ban in force

Written By Unknown on Senin, 29 April 2013 | 15.36

28 April 2013 Last updated at 19:01 ET

A ban on the display of cigarettes and other tobacco products in large shops in Scotland has come into force.

Public Health Minister Michael Matheson said the move will help prevent young people from taking up smoking.

Under the Tobacco and Primary Medical Services (Scotland) Act 2010, the sale of cigarettes from vending machines is also banned.

Stores that do not comply could be convicted of a criminal offence or receive a fixed penalty fine.

England, Wales and Northern Ireland have already brought in similar bans to prevent large stores from displaying cigarettes and tobacco.

The Scottish government's Tobacco Control Strategy also supports the introduction of standardised packaging.

'Right step'

Mr Matheson said: "These bans are the right step to prevent young people in Scotland from taking up smoking.

"It is well known that smoking is associated with a range of illness and is the primary preventable cause of ill health and premature death. Each year, tobacco use is associated with over 13,000 deaths and 56,000 hospital admissions in Scotland.

Continue reading the main story

We don't believe that displays of cigarettes behind the counter actually influences anyone to buy cigarettes"

End Quote John Hammond Scottish Grocer's Federation

"That is why it is so important that this government works to improve health by reducing the number of people who choose to smoke and evidence shows that young people exposed to the promotion of tobacco are more likely to try smoking."

The move has been welcomed by Cancer Research Scotland but the Tobacco Retailers' Alliance (TRA) - which represents more than 26,000 shopkeepers across the UK - has argued against the legislation.

And the Scottish Grocers' Federation said it will mean longer transaction times at the till and confusion over pricing.

It also believes the new laws will not make any difference and that smokers will still smoke.

John Hammond, from the federation, told BBC Scotland: "We think it's unnecessary. We don't believe that displays of cigarettes behind the counter actually influences anyone to buy cigarettes.

"There is no doubt that smoking can be harmful but it's a legal practice.

"We stock it, sell it, and will continue to do so."

Large shops are defined as those with a relevant floor area exceeding 280 square metres.

Smaller retailers have until 6 April 2015 to comply with the display ban.

Smoking in vehicles

Meanwhile, a consultation on proposed legislation to ban smoking in vehicles when children are present is to be launched by Liberal Democrat MSP Jim Hume.

Mr Hume said such a ban has already gained support from a number of charities, including Children in Scotland and the British Heart Foundation.

The South of Scotland MSP will launch the consultation on proposals for his Members Bill next month.

He said banning adults from smoking in cars when children are present is the next step in tobacco control.

"Passive smoking is entirely avoidable and a private vehicle is one of the few places a child can still be legally exposed to tobacco smoke," he said.

"I stand alongside the British Heart Foundation, British Lung Foundation, Children in Scotland and ASH Scotland, among many others, in seeking a change to the law and hope that people and organisations from across Scotland can take part in this important consultation.

"It doesn't seem fair that any child should have to be trapped in a car which is filled with smoke. When you consider the real implications this can have for a child's immediate and future health, it is clear we need to do what we can to protect children and give them the best start in life."


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Police urged to focus on prevention

29 April 2013 Last updated at 00:08 ET

Police should focus more on preventing crime than catching criminals, the new chief inspector of constabulary for England and Wales is to say.

Tom Winsor will also emphasise the importance of technology in cutting crime, in a speech to the Royal United Services Institute.

He will tell the security think-tank a greater focus on targeting would-be offenders and potential crime hotspots will save money and mean fewer victims.

Mr Winsor took up the role last year.

His speech comes as the think-tank Policy Exchange recommends introducing a modern version of the "Tardis" police box - made famous by Dr Who - to allow people to report crimes, provide witness statements and access information.

BBC home affairs correspondent Danny Shaw says Mr Winsor has spent much of his first six months in the post listening to the views of officers.

"Now he's ready to set out his ideas," our correspondent says.

Controversial choice

A lawyer and former rail regulator - but without experience of serving in the police - Mr Winsor was a controversial choice to be chief inspector of constabulary.

In March last year, he published a report for the government on the police service which recommended far-reaching reforms in the widest-ranging review of police pay and conditions in more than 30 years.

Recommendations in the report included fast-tracking recruits to inspector level within three years and opening up chief constable roles to senior officers from countries such as Canada, the US, Australia and New Zealand.

He also advised a cut in the starting salary for police constables in England and Wales, down to £19,000 - a reduction of £4,000.

In his first major speech since taking up the post, he will call for a return to the police's basic mission, as devised by the founder of the service, Robert Peel, to prevent crime and disorder.

Mr Winsor believes too many policemen and women think their principal job is to catch criminals.

Meanwhile, Policy Exchange's Rebooting the PC Report recommends the introduction of modern versions of police boxes in which people could "report crime, provide witness statements, discuss concerns and access information".

Continue reading the main story

We need to think differently to equip policing for the years ahead, identifying and sharing what helps"

End Quote Stuart Donald Acpo's Assistant Chief Constable

"These would be technologically-enabled police contact points featuring two-way audio-visual technology so that members of the public could communicate directly with police staff," the report said.

Public access

The report also says that, faced with budget cuts, police chiefs must avoid putting "buildings before bobbies" and should replace police stations with "cops in shops".

And it also cited "a dramatic decline" in station front counter use, saying forces should "manage the police estate in a smarter fashion".

It quoted Met Police figures which show the number of people reporting crime at front counters in London fell by more than 100,000 between 2006-07 and 2011-12.

A Home Office spokesman said decisions about the most effective use of resources "including the number, location and operating hours of police stations are a matter for chief constables and police and crime commissioners".

The Police Federation of England and Wales, which represents rank-and file officers, said a fall in the use of front counters had been "happening around the country for many years".

But its vice-chairman Steve White said police stations "are accessible to the public, all day and night, something which is not provided by local shops and businesses".

The Association of Chief Police Officers (Acpo) said that "in an age of austerity, relentlessly challenging established practice to improve local policing is more important than ever".

"We need to think differently to equip policing for the years ahead, identifying and sharing what helps - be it 'cop shops', public contact booths or Special Constables and volunteers complementing the way we patrol communities," Acpo's Assistant Chief Constable Stuart Donald said.


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Kate hoax DJ to appear at inquest

29 April 2013 Last updated at 03:16 ET

One of the Australian DJs who made a hoax call about the pregnant Duchess of Cambridge has said she will appear at the inquest into the death of the nurse who answered the phone.

Jacintha Saldanha, 46, was found hanged in nurses' quarters in central London three days after the call.

Mel Greig said she was "determined to answer any questions surrounding her role in these tragic events" and would appear in person or by video link.

The inquest will be held on 2 May.

Transferred call

Ms Greig and fellow 2Day FM DJ Michael Christian sparked widespread condemnation in December when they were put through to the duchess's ward after phoning the King Edward VII's Hospital in Marylebone, posing as the Prince of Wales and the Queen.

The duchess was receiving care for an extreme form of morning sickness.

Continue reading the main story

Ms Greig wants the family to know she will answer any questions"

End Quote Lawyers for Mel Greig

Mrs Saldanha, a mother of two from Bristol, answered the phone and transferred the pair to a colleague who detailed the duchess's condition.

In a statement, Ms Greig's lawyers, Slater & Gordon, said her thoughts had been with the nurse's family ever since her death.

"Ms Greig fully understands their need for answers, which is why she has taken this step to appear as an individual at the inquest.

"She is determined to address any questions surrounding her role in these tragic events as part of the inquest.

"Ms Greig wants the family to know she will answer any questions the coroner or the family's lawyers may have."

Ms Greig, who has not returned to the airwaves since the call, said she would appear at the inquest either in person or by video link.

Mr Christian - who resumed broadcasting in February - has said he does not intend to make an individual statement.

Announcing details of the inquest last month, Coroner Dr Fiona Wilcox said she had granted anonymity to a duty nurse who might have been one of the last people to speak to Mrs Saldanha on the night of the prank call.


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Three Britons jailed in Dubai

29 April 2013 Last updated at 03:34 ET

Three British men have been found guilty of drug offences in Dubai and jailed for four years each.

Londoners Suneet Jeerh, Grant Cameron and Karl Williams, who denied the charges, will be deported afterwards.

The three men, who were charged with possessing, taking and intending to distribute illegal drugs, were arrested on holiday in July.

Cameron's mother Tracy said they were "really happy" the supply charges had been dropped.

Harsher sentences had been expected for Jeerh, 25, Cameron, 25, and Williams, 26, who were arrested after police said they found a quantity of synthetic cannabis known as "spice" in their car.

UK Prime Minister David Cameron had expressed concern over allegations they were tortured while in custody.

Torture concerns

The BBC's Simon Atkinson, in Dubai, said the three men, dressed in white prison overalls, made a very brief appearance at Dubai's criminal court.

He said they were given their sentences and told they would be deported from Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), after serving them.

The men say they were subjected to torture by police, including electric shocks and beatings. Police in Dubai have denied any wrongdoing.

Tracy Cameron

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Tracy Cameron said the sentence was "positive" but insisted her son was innocent

Legal rights charity Reprieve has taken on their case. Investigator Kate Higham said the drug supply charges were dropped entirely.

"The boys all got four years for consumption. While we are pleased with this result we will continue to push for the men's release and return in light of the torture they have suffered," she said.

"David Cameron must push for this when UAE President Sheikh Khalifa arrives on a state visit."

In a letter to Reprieve, David Cameron has said he will use a state visit by the UAE president this week to raise his concerns about the case.

Mr Cameron wrote: "We continue to press for evidence for a full, impartial and independent investigation into the allegations. The absence of an independent medical examination remains a concern.

"During the state visit of His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan there will be opportunities to raise a wide range of issues including concerns about this and other consular cases."

The men say they had guns held to their heads by police. Williams also said he had electric shocks administered to his testicles.

It is claimed the torture took place in the desert, where the men were initially taken after their arrest, and subsequently in hotel rooms.

Grant Cameron's mother, Tracy, said her son and his friends were put through "a pretty terrifying ordeal".

"They were taken back to their hotel room, they were beaten in their hotel room, it does appear they were separated from each other and each taken to a different room," she told the BBC.

"Karl was laid out on the bed, his trousers were stripped down and electric shocks were administered to his testicles while he was blindfolded.

"I believe all the boys had guns held to their head - they were told they were going to die."

Suneet Jeerh's sister, Davena Kumar, told the BBC her brother was given electric shock treatment.

"His whole spine was electrocuted quite badly. Even now you can see where his back is still not the same," she said. "He still suffers from back pain."

Reprieve says the men were forced to sign documents in Arabic - a language none of them understands - before being charged.

Williams and Cameron are both from Wanstead, in north-east London, while Jeerh is from Ilford, east London.


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Major benefits shake-up begins

29 April 2013 Last updated at 04:23 ET

A massive shake-up in the UK benefits system has begun, with the first claims made for new universal credit payments.

Universal credit will merge several benefits and tax credits into one monthly payout.

It begins with a very small number of new claimants in Ashton-under-Lyne in Greater Manchester, but will eventually affect nearly six million people.

Ian Duncan Smith, the work and pensions secretary, said the new system was about "changing people".

'Right not early'

The benefit is for working age people looking for work, and will replace income-based jobseeker's allowance, income-related employment and support allowance, income support, child tax credit, working tax credit, and housing benefit.

It is the central plank of a benefits overhaul, championed by Mr Duncan Smith, which the government says will mean people are always better off in work than on benefits.

Continue reading the main story
  • April 2013: First claims taken in Ashton-under-Lyne
  • July 2013: Delayed pilot schemes start in Warrington, Wigan and Oldham
  • October 2013: New claimants nationally move to universal credit
  • Spring 2014: Current claimants start shift from existing benefits to the new payment
  • 2017: Switch is completed

It is also designed to simplify the welfare system by bringing a number of benefits together and reducing fraud and error.

However, some groups have raised concerns that the system is entirely dependent on a complex computer network which may not be ready or able to cope with millions of claims. They are also concerned that many potential claimants do not have access to the internet.

Labour's shadow work and pensions secretary Liam Byrne said that universal credit was "a fine idea that builds on Labour's tax credits revolution".

But he added: "The truth is the scheme is late, over budget, the IT system appears to be falling apart and even DWP [Department of Work and Pensions] ministers admit they haven't got a clue what is going on."

But speaking to the BBC's Today programme, Mr Duncan Smith defended the new system, saying "it's quicker, it's more accurate and it's easier to understand", and said the slow pace of the roll-out was designed to "get it right, not get it early".

"What we have to do is to start changing people, and that's what this system is about," he said, stressing that paying people on a monthly basis would reflect how the majority of workers are now paid.

"It's about trying to help those who are the most vulnerable to get ready for the world of work, and that will improve their lives dramatically."

Online claims

The key features of universal credit include:

  • A single, monthly payment which the government says mirrors the world of work, but charities say could create problems for personal money management
  • The inclusion of financial help to pay rent, which is currently paid directly to landlords
  • An online-only claiming process, with accounts also managed online
  • The benefit paid to households, rather than individuals, and put straight into bank accounts
  • Benefits automatically adjusted depending on earnings, which employers enter into a computer system called real-time information

This means that there will no longer be a ceiling of 16 hours of work a week, below which people can sign on and above which claims are cancelled.

This is set to benefit people like Darren Bailey, an agency worker, whose working hours fluctuate, meaning he has to keep making claims under the current system.

"I have five kids so I can't afford to mess about," he said. "Any system has got to be better than this system."

Budgeting

The government estimates 3.1 million households will be entitled to more benefits as a result of universal credit, while 2.8 million households will be entitled to less.

Across all households, ministers say there will be an average gain of £16 per month. The long-term cost to the government is £100m in current prices.

The only claimants to receive universal credit in the initial stages will be single, new claimants at a jobcentre in Ashton-under-Lyne.

Three other pilot projects - in Warrington, Oldham, and Wigan - have been delayed until July.

From October, newly unemployed people will make claims under the new system. Current benefits and tax credits will gradually be shifted to universal credit from spring 2014, with the whole process completed by 2017.

Benefits and grants charity Turn2us said that 43% of people whose benefits would be replaced by universal credit were not aware of the change.

"Once you look at the nuts and bolts, budgeting is not going to be easy especially for those with a small amount of money," said Alban Hawksworth, welfare benefits specialist at the charity.


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Cameron fears Iraq effect over Syria

Written By Unknown on Sabtu, 27 April 2013 | 15.36

26 April 2013 Last updated at 18:00 ET
David Cameron

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David Cameron: "What I see does look very much like a war crime is being committed"

UK PM David Cameron has expressed concern that international action in Syria may be being held back because of fears of a repeat of the Iraq war.

It follows evidence from the US and the UK that Syrian government troops may have used chemical weapons.

Mr Cameron said world leaders must look at Syria and "ask ourselves what more we can do."

Meanwhile, US President Barack Obama said proof the weapons had been used on civilians would be "a game changer".

The US president has pledged a "vigorous investigation" after US intelligence found Syria may had used the nerve agent sarin.

Mr Obama had said previously that chemical weapons use would cross a "red line" and provoke a major American response.

The UK government has also said it has "limited, but growing" evidence of the use of chemical weapons in the conflict.

Syrian officials have denounced the allegations as "lies".

'Proper processes'

Mr Cameron told the BBC he worried Western leaders might fail to act in Syria because of the experience of foreign intervention in Iraq.

Continue reading the main story

Analysis

The US, Britain, Israel and others have been collecting evidence to try and determine whether chemical weapons have been used in Syria.

The signs so far are that they have been, but politicians are being cautious of over-selling their level of certainty.

This is partly because of the lesson of Iraq, when too much was based on too little hard information and all the caveats and cautions surrounding intelligence were lost. And also partly because this time the political context is different.

With Iraq a decision had been made to go to war and the intelligence was brought into the public domain to make the case for it.

This time political leaders - especially in Washington - seem much more reluctant to intervene and so the emphasis is precisely on the caveats and cautions.

Given the problems of getting access to a warzone to gain conclusive evidence, finding absolutely definitive evidence may be hard and take time. This may buy politicians in Washington and London time to work out what they do if something is found.

But he insisted lessons about acting on intelligence reports had been learned.

Speaking to the BBC's political editor Nick Robinson, Mr Cameron said: "I choose my words carefully, but what I see does look very much like a war crime is being committed in our world, at this time, by the Syrian government."

The prime minister then addressed concerns about the quality of the UK's intelligence and fears that unreliable evidence could again be used as a justification for the West to become involved in a Middle Eastern conflict.

He said: "I would want to reassure people and say the lessons of Iraq have been learned.

"There are proper processes in place to try and make sure that what people say is properly backed up by the information.

"If anything, I would argue that because people are so worried about what happened in Iraq, it's actually quite important now to come forward - as the Americans have done and I think [US President] Barack Obama has done it in a very clear and measured way."

Mr Obama warned in December that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad would face "consequences" if he used chemical weapons.

Mr Cameron has said he agrees with the White House's warning that chemical weapons use would be a "red line", although he has ruled out sending British troops into action and has spoken instead of support for rebel forces.

However, former Liberal Democrat leader Sir Menzies Campbell has criticised what he called "red line diplomacy".

Sir Menzies said on the BBC's Any Questions that the Syria situation was "a very good argument against so-called red line diplomacy".

Continue reading the main story

What is Sarin?

  • One of a group of nerve gas agents invented by German scientists as part of Hitler's preparations for World War II
  • Huge secret stockpiles built up by superpowers during Cold War
  • 20 times more deadly than cyanide: A drop the size of a pin-head can kill a person
  • Called "the poor man's atomic bomb" due to large number of people that can be killed by a small amount
  • Kills by crippling the nervous system through blocking the action of an enzyme that removes acetylcholine - a chemical that transmits signals down the nervous system
  • Can only be manufactured in a laboratory, but does not require very sophisticated equipment
  • Very dangerous to manufacture. Contains four main ingredients, including phosphorus trichloride

"It encourages your adversary to go as close to the red line as he can possibly manage... and you are prejudging the circumstances which might be months or even years down the line."

Libya

Asked directly if he was concerned the invasion of Iraq in 2003, which toppled Saddam Hussein, was having an impact on the way in which Western leaders were dealing with the conflict in Syria, Mr Cameron said: "I do worry about that."

"Let me absolutely clear, I think the Iraq lesson must be about how we marshal and use information and intelligence and I think that lesson has been learnt - but I think it is very important for politicians and leaders of this generation to look at what is happening in Syria and ask ourselves what more we can do."

He said that before any action was taken in Syria it was necessary to ensure you could "achieve the result you want".

"The reason we could act in Libya was because we had an opportunity, if we acted quickly, to stop a dictator in his tracks. We could do that. It is very important that the ability is there and we have to think about that carefully."

On Friday, the White House insisted there was no timeline on how long it would take to corroborate the evidence on the use of chemical weapons and admitted that the case was "not airtight".

But spokesman Jay Carney repeated that all options remained on the table.

YouTube footage of alleged chemical attack in Syria

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Times journalist Anthony Loyd visited victims of a suspected chemical attack in hospital

Earlier on Friday, Syrian official Sharif Shehadeh told the Associated Press the US allegations of chemical weapons use were "lies".

Syria's Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad also dismissed the accusations in an interview with Reuters.

Syria's government and rebels have accused each other of using chemical weapons. A UN team is trying to enter Syria to investigate.


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PR guru Clifford vows to clear name

26 April 2013 Last updated at 23:00 ET
Max Clifford

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Max Clifford: "The allegations are completely false"

PR guru Max Clifford has vowed to clear his name in court after being charged with 11 indecent assaults allegedly committed between 1966 and 1985.

The alleged offences relate to seven different women and girls ranging in age from 14 to 19.

Mr Clifford, 70, from Hersham, Surrey says the claims are "completely false".

He was arrested in December under Operation Yewtree - set up following allegations about Jimmy Savile - but his arrest was unrelated to Savile.

Mr Clifford will appear in court next month.

Operation Yewtree has three strands. One concerns Savile's crimes exclusively, while another relates to allegations against Savile and others.

The third strand, under which Mr Clifford was arrested, concentrates on accusations unconnected to the Savile investigations but which emerged as a result of the publicity surrounding Savile.

Mr Clifford was not charged over three further allegations as there was "insufficient evidence to authorise charges", the Crown Prosecution Service said.

Mr Clifford denied the allegations against him.

He said: "The allegations in respect of which I have been charged are completely false and I have made this clear to the police during many, many hours of interviews.

"Nevertheless a decision has been taken to charge me with 11 offences involving seven women, the most recent of which is 28 years ago and the oldest 47 years ago.

"I have never indecently assaulted anyone in my life and this will become clear during the course of the proceedings."

Mr Clifford, who was first arrested on 6 December 2012, described the situation as "living a 24/7 nightmare".

Later speaking to Sky News, he added that since the charges had emerged he had received hundreds of calls from people wishing to express their support for himself and his family.

"This has made it so much easier to cope with," he said.

Scotland Yard said he was charged after answering bail at a London police station following advice from the CPS.

Mr Clifford was later released on bail and is due to appear at Westminster Magistrates' Court on 28 May.


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Welby raps City 'entitlement' ethos

27 April 2013 Last updated at 03:26 ET

The City of London has been affected by a "culture of entitlement" at variance with what others think reasonable, the new Archbishop of Canterbury has said.

But the Most Reverend Justin Welby told the BBC business morality was in many ways much better than in the past.

He also defended his description of the UK's economic situation as a depression rather than a recession.

Asked if this had upset Number 10, the archbishop said: "Sometimes feathers get ruffled. I mean - that's life."

The archbishop - a former oil industry executive - is a member of the cross-party Banking Standards Commission.

He told BBC Radio 4's the Week in Westminster there should be exams for those who want to work in the banking industry and suggested employees could be overseen by a professional body.

He said that as banks "have the capacity to have such an impact on the wider economy" then specific training should be necessary.

"Banks are incredibly complicated things, it is one of the most demanding and complicated areas of management going. The idea that people can hold hugely responsible positions in them without any kind of formal training seems to a number of us as quite surprising."

Regional banks

He said: "I think in banking, in particular, and in the City of London, a culture of entitlement has affected a number of areas, not universally by any means, in which it seemed to disconnect from what people saw as reasonable in the rest of the world."

Archbishop Welby has proposed recapitalising a major bank and breaking it up to create regional banks.

But he declined in the radio interview with Financial Times political editor George Parker to name which institution he had in mind.

Archbishop Welby noted that economic activity had been "significantly below" the levels of 2007 for "quite a long time".

He said he did not know whether his use of the term "depression" had annoyed "people in Number 10".

"Historically, depressions have been recognised as lengthy periods in which the economy did not get back to its previous level of activity before a recession set in," he said.

"So 1929 to 1932 is the great example. There was a big one towards the end of the 19th Century.

"We are still significantly below where we were in 2007 in terms of economic activity, of GDP, and that's quite a long time of being below.

"Now, I'm not pointing any fingers at anyone in particular and saying it's so-and-so's fault or so-and-so's fault, it's simply a measurable fact coming from the national statistics."

'Social implications'

The archbishop acknowledged that part of his mission may be to inject "more morality" into the City of London.

He said: "My key mission is to lead the Church in worshipping Jesus Christ and encouraging people to believe in him and follow him. That's my mission.

"The Christian gospel has always had strong social implications and one of them is around the common good and it's one of the key areas in which the Church of England focuses.

"So issues of how the City of London, which is so important and so full of very gifted people, how that behaves in relation to the common good is very key, not to the whole thing that I'm about or the Church is about, but to how we express the implications of that in day to day life."

Parker said the archbishop could have withdrawn from the banking commission when he took up his role, but opted to stay involved. He now had three "pulpits" - the Church, the House of Lords and the banking commission.

BBC political correspondent Ross Hawkins says the cities of London and Westminster are growing used to an archbishop who produces plans for restructuring financial services and a regular commentary on economic growth.

The interview can be heard on the Week in Westminster on BBC Radio 4 at 11:00 BST on Saturday 27 April


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School head stabbing suspect charged

27 April 2013 Last updated at 03:45 ET

A man has been charged with attempted murder after a school head teacher was stabbed three times with a screwdriver.

Gillian Kay, 39, had to be airlifted to hospital after being injured outside her home in Rochdale, on Thursday afternoon.

Mark Pierson, 48, of Belfield Old Road, Rochdale, is due to appear later before Rochdale and Bury Magistrates' Court.

Ms Kay, who is head of Propps Hall Primary School, Failsworth, Oldham, is currently in a critical condition.

She was attacked outside her home in Shaw Road, Thornham, just after 17:00 BST, on Thursday.


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Armed drones operating from Britain

27 April 2013 Last updated at 04:00 ET

Armed drone aircraft have been operated remotely from Britain for the first time, the Ministry of Defence has said.

It said Reaper drones had flown missions controlled from RAF Waddington, Lincolnshire, where campaign groups are expected to protest against the practice later.

The MoD said it respected people's rights to protest peacefully.

The drones are mainly used for surveillance, but could use weapons if commanded to by their pilots in the UK.

The MoD has defended its use of drones in Afghanistan, which it says have saved the lives of countless military personnel and civilians.

Continue reading the main story

The RAF is not keen on the term 'drone'. It prefers the use of 'Remotely Piloted Air Systems', RPAS, to make clear that these are not autonomous systems: they still need a human being to fly and command the mission - and crucially, decide whether or not to use weapons, and whether a strike can take place under the UK's rules of engagement.

But drones are playing an increasingly important role in air warfare and air support, with many saying the Joint Strike Fighter - currently being developed in the US - is likely to be the last manned fighter aircraft bought by the UK.

After that, there will be no more 'magnificent men in their flying machines'.

The 10 Reaper aircraft are all based in Afghanistan to support UK and coalition forces and can carry 500lb bombs and Hellfire missiles for strikes on insurgents.

They are piloted remotely, but launched and landed with human help at Kandahar airbase.

BBC defence correspondent Caroline Wyatt says the "overwhelming majority" of missions the British drones are used for involve surveillance.

She says the MoD told her British drones are not being used for targeted assassinations, unlike the Predator drones used by the US in places such as Pakistan.

The MoD says that when weapons are used, the same rules of engagement are followed that govern the use of weapons on manned aircraft.

Previously RAF personnel would control the drones from Creech Air Force Base, in Nevada, US.

In October last year, the RAF created 13 Squadron based at RAF Waddington south of Lincoln, where about 100 personnel include pilots, systems operators and engineers that control missions over Afghanistan.

In a statement issued on Thursday, the RAF said it had commenced supporting the International Security Assistance Force and Afghan ground troops with "armed intelligence and surveillance missions" remotely piloted from RAF Waddington.

Several anti-war groups including CND, War on Want, the Drone Campaign Network, and the Stop the War coalition have planned a march and rally outside RAF Waddington on Saturday.

Campaigners say the switching of control of flights to the UK marks a "critical expansion in the nation's drones programme".

They are calling on the government to abandon the use of drones, claiming they make it easier for politicians to launch military interventions, and have increased civilian casualties.

March route

Chris Nineham, vice-chairman of the Stop the War Coalition, said: "I think people feel that there is something sinister and disturbing about the idea that someone can attack a foreign country thousands of miles away with, simply, the push of a button and this technology that is being introduced is giving carte blanche to governments to fight wars behind the backs of people with no public scrutiny or accountability.

"That's the fundamental problem."

The route of the march from South Common along the A15 to the peace camp site opposite RAF Waddington will see the road closed in phases to limit inconvenience to motorists.

An MoD spokesman said: "We fully respect people's right to protest peacefully and within the law and would do nothing to prevent members of the public exercising their right to peaceful protest.

"Nevertheless, we have a duty to protect public property, and to ensure that we meet our operational needs.

"The MOD has a duty to maintain security at all defence installations and uses all lawful means to do so, including the right to seek injunctions against any person who persists in trespassing on MOD property."

Eyes in the sky
MQ-1B Predator MQ-9 Reaper

Armed reconnaissance, surveillance and target acquisition

Primary function

Hunter-killer weapon system

16.8m (55ft)

Wingspan

20.1m (66ft)

8.2m (27ft)

Length

11m (36ft)

204kg (450lb)

Payload

1,701kg (3,750lb)

135-217kph (84-135 mph)

Cruise speed

370kph (230mph)

1,240k, (770 miles)

Range

1,850k (1,150 miles)

Two Hellfire missiles

Weapons

Combination of Hellfire, Paveway II and GBU-12 JDAM

Two: one pilot and one sensor operator; plus a mission co-ordinator when required

Crew

Two: one pilot and one sensor operator; plus a mission co-ordinator when required

$20m per system (includes four aircraft, ground control station and satellite link)

Unit cost

$53.5m per system (includes four aircraft, ground control station and satellite link)

130 -

Active force - USAF RAF

47 5 - rising to 10 in 2013


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Official GDP figures for UK awaited

Written By Unknown on Kamis, 25 April 2013 | 15.36

24 April 2013 Last updated at 19:01 ET
Steph McGovern with a chart showing how GDP has behaved until now

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Steph McGovern explains how GDP works, and what another dip means

Official figures due to be released later will reveal whether the UK has slipped into a triple-dip recession.

The Office for National Statistics will issue its preliminary estimates for gross domestic product (GDP) for the first three months of the year.

The economy shrank in the last quarter of 2012. A second quarter of contraction would put the UK economy back in recession.

But on average, economists are forecasting growth of 0.1%.

A poll of analysts by Reuters resulted in forecasts ranging between a contraction of 0.2% and growth of 0.3%.

A contraction would mean the UK has fallen into recession for the third time since the financial crisis struck in 2008.

Economists say news of another recession may have a psychological impact on consumers and businesses, but they argue that the broader picture of the economy will remain unchanged.

The UK has flat-lined since 2008, and small levels of growth or contraction will have little impact on that general trend.

They also express caution about reading too much into the preliminary ONS figures, which are likely to be revised at a later date.

Continue reading the main story

The UK's continued weak economic growth has been blamed on lacklustre consumer spending, continued problems in the eurozone - a major export market - and the impact of the government's austerity measures.

On Wednesday, the Bank of England announced an expansion of its Funding for Lending Scheme (FLS), designed to help small businesses get loans.

Continued weak growth is likely to increase pressure on Chancellor George Osborne, who is already facing calls from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to rethink the pace of his austerity programme.

Poor growth has already encouraged two international rating agencies to strip the UK of its triple-A rating.

Shadow financial secretary to the Treasury, Chris Leslie, said that even if the UK escaped a triple-dip recession, low growth "isn't good enough".

"After nearly three years of flat-lining, we need to see decisive evidence that a strong and sustained recovery is finally under way," he said.

The government insists its austerity measures are vital to bringing down government borrowing, and guarantee growth in the long-term.

The ONS is due to publish the GDP estimates at 0930 BST.


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Two investigated over Kate images

24 April 2013 Last updated at 20:56 ET

The head of the publisher of France's Closer magazine and a photographer are under formal investigation in France over the publication of pictures of a sunbathing Duchess of Cambridge.

Topless pictures of the duchess, taken during a private holiday in France, were published by Closer in September.

Local newspaper La Provence used pictures of her in her swimwear.

Mondadori boss Ernesto Mauri and La Provence's Valerie Suau are under investigation for invasion of privacy.

Ms Suau has admitted capturing images of the duchess in her swimwear but denies having taken the topless photos.

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge launched legal proceedings in France following the publication of the pictures last autumn.

Shortly afterwards, a Paris court banned Closer from re-publishing the images and ordered the gossip magazine to hand over the originals within 24 hours, or face a daily fine of 10,000 euros (£8,000).

In their ruling, magistrates described the pictures as "particularly intrusive".

The images were published in other European magazines as the ruling did not cover publications outside France, but no British newspapers printed them.

Sources sacrosanct

Prince William and Catherine also filed a separate criminal complaint under France's strict privacy laws.

The BBC's Christian Fraser said that when they started legal proceedings back in October, there was no name on their criminal complaint.

The identity of the photographer who took the topless photos was withheld by magazine Closer - in French law the protection of media sources is sacrosanct.

But the duke and duchess had kept up the pressure, our correspondent added.

Six months on, their campaign appeared to have taken a significant step forward with the prosecutor putting the two people under formal investigation for breach of privacy, he said.

As the royal couple prepare for the birth of their first child, this was a timely reminder they were not prepared to compromise on their privacy, he added.

Mr Mauri, head of Mondadori - an Italian publisher owned by the country's former Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi - is under investigation for allowing the topless pictures to be published on 14 September.

La Provence also published some images from the couple's holiday.

Paper's support

It is unclear when they were formally placed under investigation but the AFP news agency reported that it was earlier this month.

Closer magazine has argued the photos were taken from a public road and were not in the least offensive.

The pictures were taken when the royals were in southern France, at a chateau owned by Viscount Linley, the Queen's nephew.

The Italian publishing group said: "Mondadori is not aware of anything new with respect to what is already known about the issue."

La Provence said Ms Suau had the paper's "support in the legal challenge she is facing today".


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Sale Sharks' Cipriani hit by bus

Sale Sharks fly-half Danny Cipriani has spent the night in hospital after being hit by a bus in Leeds.

The 25-year-old is understood to have suffered concussion and was kept in hospital overnight where he has undergone X-rays.

No further details are currently available on his condition.

  • Born: 2 November 1987, Roehampton, southwest London
  • Man of the match in first Premiership start, for Wasps v Worcester in 2007
  • Premiership young player of the year 2008
  • Man of match on England debut v Ireland, March 2008
  • Moved to Melbourne Rebels 2010
  • Announces move to Sale in February 2012

Cipriani, who has seven England caps, signed for second-bottom Sale in February 2012 and has made 16 Premiership appearances for the club.

He came through the academy at London Wasps and made his debut for them as a 17-year-old in 2004.

After being named man of the match in his first Premiership start in 2007 against Worcester, he was voted the league's young player of the year in 2008.

Former England coach Brian Ashton handed him a full international debut against Ireland in March 2008.

In his seven international matches, he scored a total of 49 points, but found himself out of favour for most of Martin Johnson's England reign.

Cipriani moved to newly formed Super 15 side Melbourne Rebels in 2010 on a two-year deal.

In a season marred by disciplinary problems he was still the club's leading scorer in 2011 with 108 points before he returned to England with Sale.


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Measles jab plan targets 1m children

25 April 2013 Last updated at 03:46 ET By James Gallagher Health and science reporter, BBC News

One million schoolchildren in England who missed MMR jabs are to be targeted by a vaccination plan aimed at curbing the growing threat of measles.

Health officials warn epidemics similar to the one in Swansea, which has seen nearly 900 cases, could occur anywhere.

There are fears that a generation of children have low levels of protection after the MMR scare a decade ago.

The catch-up campaign, run through GPs, schools and community groups, will focus on children aged 10 to 16.

The campaign is expected to cost £20m and the Department of Health already has 1.2 million vaccines ready to go.

It will aim to vaccinate children yet to be protected with the MMR - measles, mumps and rubella - jab by September.

Measles is a highly contagious disease characterised by a high fever and a rash. In one in 15 cases it can lead to severe complications, such as pneumonia and inflammation of the brain, and can be fatal.

Amelia Down sits on the lap of her mother Helen as she receives the combined Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccination

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In 2012, there were nearly 2,000 cases of measles in England - the highest figure for nearly two decades.

This year could be another record with cases already higher than at the same point last year.

Meanwhile scientist Dr Craig Venter, who was one of the first to sequence the human genome, has called for all unvaccinated children to be banned from school.

He told the Times that said such children were a "hazard to society".

Discredited research

Children aged between 10 and 16 are the most likely to have missed jabs when research linked MMR with autism and caused vaccination rates to plummet. The research has since been discredited.

Continue reading the main story

Travel back in time to the mid-90s and measles was not a worry. It had been effectively eradicated in the UK with cases only coming from abroad.

It seems remarkable that two decades later such campaigns are needed.

Discredited claims by Andrew Wakefield of a link between MMR and autism led to vaccination rates falling to 80% by 2005, far below the level needed to prevent the spread of the disease.

Those unvaccinated children are now entering a vulnerable period in their lives as they move to secondary school.

It is a significant moment as mixing with far more pupils significantly increases the risk of infection.

Being older also means the dangers of complications will be higher.

Vaccination rates have since recovered to record levels. It suggests measles will be confined to the Wakefield generation and not be a long-term problem.

The most urgent need for vaccination is in the third-of-a-million completely unprotected children in that age group. They should be given their first MMR jab before the next school year and a booster jab later.

A similar number of children who had only their first MMR vaccine will be targeted with their booster.

The aim is to give a further third-of-a-million children in other age groups, who are not totally protected, their vaccines as well.

Prof David Salisbury, the director of immunisation at the Department of Health, said parents needed to act to prevent outbreaks on their doorstep.

"Swansea is the wake-up call for parents and it tells us just how infectious measles is - it just spreads like wildfire.

"If you think your child has not had one or even two doses of MMR, for goodness' sake contact your GP and get it sorted out.

"The message from Swansea is very clear and it is trivialised at the risk of your children's health."

Similar plans are already under way in Wales.

Both Scotland and Northern Ireland maintained relatively high MMR uptake but NHS boards in Scotland are to write to parents of all unvaccinated or partially vaccinated children aged 10 to 17 with an invitation to attend for vaccination over the next few weeks.

Danger zones

Figures from Public Health England show there have been 587 confirmed cases of measles in the first three months of 2013.

Measles outbreak: In graphics

A fifth of cases needed hospital treatment and 15 people developed complications such as pneumonia, meningitis and gastroenteritis.

The cases were mostly in the north-east and north-west of England, even though the north of the country generally maintained high levels of vaccination at the height of the MMR scare.

Dr Mary Ramsay, head of immunisation at Public Health England, said: "We have potential for school outbreaks in many areas of the country.

"The areas most likely to be affected would be London and the south and east of the country, where we know that the historical coverage was not as high."

Prof Salisbury said he worried about London because of the high density of people, who were rapidly moving.

He warned that children who received single jabs, instead of the combined MMR, may also need additional protection as there had been "major problems" with the quality and storage of some of the vaccines handed out.

He added that nobody should be considering single jabs now.

Dr Paul Cosford, the director for health protection at Public Health England, said: "Although nationally the numbers needing catch-up vaccination is quite large, there are relatively few in each local area.

"We are confident that local teams have the resources to identify and vaccinate those children most at risk."


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Cameron policy role for Jo Johnson

25 April 2013 Last updated at 04:15 ET

The prime minister has appointed Jo Johnson - the younger brother of Mayor of London Boris Johnson - as the head of his policy unit.

Jo Johnson was elected as MP for Orpington, in London, in May 2010.

Mr Cameron, who is also setting up a new advisory board on policy, has been accused of failing to listen to his MPs and Tory activists in the past.

BBC political correspondent Vicki Young said he was making a clear attempt to improve communication with his party.

It followed bruising battles over gay marriage, Europe, planning laws and Lords reform, she added.

'Thatcher-style'

She said the appointment of Jo Johnson, 41, who like his brother and the prime minister was educated at Eton and Oxford, was being seen as an attempt to give Conservative policy-making a sharper edge.

Mr Johnson, a former Financial Time journalist who was a contemporary at Oxford of Chancellor George Osborne, will also be appointed as a junior minister at the Cabinet Office, where Oliver Letwin leads on government policy.

Continue reading the main story
  • Younger brother of London Mayor Boris Johnson
  • Educated at Eton and Balliol College Oxford, where he read modern history and was a member of the Bullingdon Club with George Osborne
  • Worked for the Financial Times
  • Elected as MP for Orpington in 2010, with a majority of over 17,000
  • Appointed as a government whip in David Cameron's last reshuffle
  • Married to Guardian journalist Amelia Gentleman. The couple have two children

Mr Cameron's new Conservative parliamentary advisory board on policy will balance the experience of MPs such as Peter Lilley - who served in Margaret Thatcher's cabinet - with prominent roles for several younger backbenchers.

Some of them have led parliamentary rebellions against the government, but they're also regarded as among the most talented politicians on the Conservative benches.

Their task will be to come up with new ideas and give the party a clearer sense of direction in the run-up to the next general election.

They include Mr Cameron's former press secretary, George Eustice, former schools minister Nick Gibb and MP for Wolverhampton South West Paul Uppal.

Jesse Norman, who was a leading critic of House of Lords reform, will also sit on the panel, as will Battersea MP Jane Ellison and Rossendale and Darwen MP Jake Berry.

A Conservative source told the Telegraph: "These appointments clearly represent a more political policy operation and a more Thatcher-style Downing Street Policy Unit.

"The advisory board will strengthen the connective tissue between Downing Street and the Parliamentary party, and Jo Johnson will be a great asset in helping the prime minister drive Conservative policy priorities throughout government."


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'Cosmetic crisis' waiting to happen

Written By Unknown on Rabu, 24 April 2013 | 15.36

23 April 2013 Last updated at 21:05 ET By James Gallagher Health and science reporter, BBC News

Injections to plump up the skin are a "crisis waiting to happen" and should be available only on prescription, a UK review of cosmetic procedures has said.

It warned that dermal fillers, covered by only the same level of regulation as toothbrushes, could cause lasting harm.

The independent review added cosmetic surgery had been "trivialised". It also attacked "distasteful" companies for putting profit ahead of care.

The review has recommended a series of measures to better protect patients.

It was commissioned by the Department of Health in England, but the findings will be passed to health ministers throughout the UK.

From fillers to breast implants - the cosmetic procedures industry is booming. It was worth £750m in the UK in 2005, £2.3bn in 2010 and is forecast to reach £3.6bn by 2015.

But there is considerable concern that regulations have failed to keep pace - leaving patients vulnerable.

Continue reading the main story

"Start Quote

Anybody, anywhere, anytime can give a filler to anybody else, and that is bizarre"

End Quote Sir Bruce Keogh NHS Medical Director

The biggest growth is in non-surgical procedures such as fillers to tackle wrinkles, Botox and laser hair removal - the area the report describes as "almost entirely unregulated".

The advisory panel said the procedures, which could go horribly wrong, were being treated as casually as having highlights done at a lunchtime hairdresser's appointment and had become commonplace at "beauty parties".

Sarah Payne

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Former beauty clinic manager Sarah Payne recalls how a dermal filler treatment went badly wrong

Sir Bruce Keogh, the NHS medical director for England who led the review, said: "The most striking thing is that anybody, anywhere, anytime can give a filler to anybody else, and that is bizarre."

At a European level, both medical devices such as breast implants and Botox, which is classed as a medicine, are regulated.

Fillers are deemed to have no medical purpose so are regulated in the same way as toothbrushes and ball-point pens. There are 190 different fillers available in Europe compared with just 14 in the US.

Bad practice
Continue reading the main story

Analysis

James Gallagher Health and science reporter, BBC News


When you go for cosmetic surgery, you expect the same standard of care as for any other operation. The review makes it clear that this is not the case.

There have been widespread calls for reform since a health scare caused by faulty breast implants, made by the French firm Poly Implant Prothese (PIP).

Data on which women had been given PIP implants, let alone what had happened to them, was not kept. It was described as a "data-free zone".

And the problems are wider. Botox should be available only on prescription, but is far more readily available.

Calf and buttock implants are barely regulated at all. The same goes for dermal fillers.

The European Union is making moves to tighten the rules. However, changes are not expected for five more years.

Sir Bruce Keogh says: "I don't think we can wait, keeping our citizens at risk."

Sir Bruce also said cosmetic surgery deals, such as buy-one-get-one-free offers and handing out free breast surgery as prizes in raffles, were a "particularly distasteful" way of incentivising people to go under the knife.

There were also questions of safety. The review said there were no checks on surgeons' qualifications in some parts of the private sector, an issue made worse by more than half of cosmetic surgery being performed by "fly in, fly out" doctors - surgeons based abroad who fly into the UK to perform operations and then fly back out again.

The review recommends:

  • Legislation to classify fillers as prescription only
  • Formal qualifications for anyone who injects fillers or Botox
  • Register of everyone who performs surgical or non-surgical cosmetic interventions
  • Ban on special financial offers for surgery
  • Formal certificate of competence for cosmetic surgeons
  • A breast implant register to monitor patients
  • Patients' procedures must be approved by a surgeon not a salesperson
  • Compulsory insurance in case things go wrong
  • A pooled fund to help patients when companies go bust - similar to the travel industry

Dan Poulter, Health Minister for England, said he agreed "entirely" with the principles of the recommendations and there would be a full response in the summer.

"There is a significant risk of people falling into the hands of cowboy firms or individuals whose only aim is to make a quick profit. These people simply don't care about the welfare of the people they are taking money from.

"It is clear that it is time for the government to step in to ensure the public are properly protected."

Common sense

The review was started after a global health scare caused by breast implants made by the French firm Poly Implant Prothese (PIP).

The implants were filled with industrial grade silicone and had double the rupture rate of other implants.

Continue reading the main story

"Start Quote

Profits before patients, that's what happens. Surgery is sold like double glazing and it's totally wrong"

End Quote Michael Saul TJL solicitors

Catherine Kydd, 40, from Dartford in Kent, had ruptured PIP breast implants.

She said: "Why is it acceptable that I have to live with industrial silicone in my lymph nodes for the rest of my life due to this industry that is not properly regulated?"

Her story is far from unusual. Michael Saul, from TJL solicitors, represents the victims of botched cosmetic procedures, including one patient who went blind in one eye immediately after being injected with a dermal filler.

"Profits before patients, that's what happens. Surgery is sold like double glazing and it's totally wrong.

"I think it is very difficult for there to be any rational and reasonable opposition to [the recommendations], they're really sensible common sense suggestions."

Sally Taber, director of the Independent Healthcare Advisory Services, which represents the cosmetic surgery industry, praised the review.

"There has been so much bad practice out there, it's very welcome," she said. But she remained "concerned" at a lack of extra protection for people having laser procedures.

Ms Taber added: "Surgeons being on a specialist register will be an issue because we have got a lot of surgeons who fly in, fly out, as such, so that will be an issue that will be controversial."

The British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons welcomed the report saying it was "thoroughly relieved" with the findings and that there was an "urgent need" for dermal fillers to be classed as prescription medicines.

The British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons said there had been an exponential increase in the number of cosmetic interventions and that it hoped "they achieve parliamentary approval and support quickly".

Send your pictures and videos to yourpics@bbc.co.uk or text them to 61124 (UK) or +44 7624 800 100 (International). If you have a large file you can upload here.

Read the terms and conditions


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Small business lending plan extended

24 April 2013 Last updated at 01:25 ET

The Bank of England has announced plans to expand a lending scheme designed to help businesses and households.

The Funding for Lending Scheme (FLS), due to end in January 2014, will be extended for another year to 2015.

Banks will be given greater incentives to lend to small and medium-sized businesses, and creditors other than banks will be able to participate.

Since its launch in August, the scheme has been criticised for failing to boost lending.

The scheme is supposed to encourage banks to lend by offering them cheap loans on the condition they pass them on to customers.

Bank of England figures suggest banks took nearly £14bn from the FLS between August and December last year.

However, among participating banks, lending was actually lower in that six month period, than it was in the six months before the scheme was introduced.

Growth needed

According to the Treasury, new incentive measures are designed to encourage banks to lend more by allowing them to borrow an extra £5 from the FLS for every £1 they lend to a small or medium-sized enterprise (SME).

In an effort to get banks to lend sooner, they will be able to borrow £10 in 2014, when the scheme is extended, for every £1 they lend in 2013.

The extension to the scheme has been widely expected. The Chancellor, George Osborne, first suggested the move in his March Budget.

In its most recent policy meeting, the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee said it saw "merit" in extending the scheme, as an alternative to an expansion of quantitative easing.

The move comes as Mr Osborne faces increasing pressure to find ways to boost the UK's economic growth.

On Thursday, the Office for National Statistics will publish its first estimates for growth for the first three months of 2013.

They are expected to show that the economy continues to remain flat, and international observers, including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), have questioned whether the chancellor should reconsider the pace of the government's austerity measures.


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Barclays first quarter profits fall 25%

24 April 2013 Last updated at 03:20 ET

Barclays adjusted first quarter profits have fallen 25% to £1.8bn, largely due to the bank's restructuring programme.

The bank is transforming itself into what it calls a "Go-To" bank.

Barclays has come in for much criticism in recent years, following a series of scandals.

Much of the £609m profits fall is down to the costs involved in restructuring its investment banking arm, Barclaycard and its private wealth and investment management division.

Rising losses at its European operations also contributed to the fall in profits.

Barclays' Chief Executive, Antony Jenkins said: "In our goal to become the 'Go-To' bank we have not chosen an easy path for Barclays, but we have chosen the right one."

The profits were hit by a charge of £514m to cover the bank's "Project Transform", a plan to axe 3,700 jobs, cut back its investment banking arm and generally overhaul the bank's culture.

Barclays expects to make a further £500m charge later this year.

Mr Jenkins is trying to revamp the image of Britain's third-largest bank, after the aggressive culture of former Barclays boss, Bob Diamond culminated in a £450m fine for rigging Libor rates.

Good start

Stripping out the costs of its transformation programme, Barclays pre-tax profits for the first three months to the end of March were £1.5bn, prompting the bank to say it had had a good start to the year.

That compares to a loss in the same quarter last year of £525m.

Barclays the return to this "statutory" profit is due to a significantly lower own credit charge of £251m, compared with one of £2.6bn in the first quarter of last year.

The own credit charge is a valuation that banks are required to carry out. They book losses when the value of their debt rises, and gains when it declines.

While Barclays is looking to trim its investment banking arm, the division saw an 11% rise in profits to £1.3bn, accounting for three quarters of the group's overall profits.


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UK 'becoming a more peaceful place'

24 April 2013 Last updated at 03:29 ET

Rates of murder and violent crime have fallen more rapidly in the UK in the past decade than anywhere else in Western Europe, researchers say.

The UK Peace Index, from the Institute for Economics and Peace, found UK homicides per 100,000 people had fallen from 1.99 in 2003, to one in 2012.

The UK was more peaceful overall, it said, with the reasons for it varied.

The index found Broadland, Norfolk, to be the most peaceful local council area but Lewisham, London, to be the least.

The research by the international non-profit research organisation comes as a separate study by Cardiff University suggests the number of people treated in hospital in England and Wales after violent incidents fell by 14% in 2012.

Some 267,291 people required care - 40,706 fewer than in 2011 - according to a sample of 54 hospital units, its report said.

For its inaugural index, the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), which defined peace as "the absence of violence or fear of violence", used Home Office data on crime, such as public disorder offences and weapons crime, and police officer numbers.

Continue reading the main story

Most peaceful local authorities

1. Broadland, Norfolk

2. Three Rivers, Hertfordshire

3. South Cambridgeshire

4. East Dorset

5. Maldon, Essex

Source: IEP

It found the violent crime rate in the UK was down by about one quarter - from 1,255 per 100,000 people in 2003, to 933 in 2012.

Gang violence

These reductions came despite a 6% drop in the number of police officers per 100,000 people, it said.

In Broadland - an area which includes three market towns, Acle, Aylsham and Reepham as well as part of the Norfolk Broads, and which has a population of about 125,000 people - eight violent crimes were recorded for 2012.

Its average overall crime rate for the decade was 323 per 100,000 people - about a third of the national average.

The five most peaceful local authority areas, which also included Three Rivers, in Hertfordshire, South Cambridgeshire, East Dorset and Maldon, in Essex, recorded a combined total of 24 homicides over the decade.

Continue reading the main story

"Start Quote

The UKPI shows that this dramatic fall is not a blip in police reporting - the UK really is becoming more peaceful"

End Quote Institute for Economics and Peace

Lewisham, meanwhile, had a homicide rate of 2.5 in 2012 - two-and-a-half times the national average.

The year 2011 was the borough's worst in the decade for the actual number of homicides - defined by researchers as murder, manslaughter and infanticide - with 11.

All five of the least peaceful local authority areas were London boroughs - the others being Lambeth, Hackney, Newham and Tower Hamlets.

BBC home editor Mark Easton said that while Lewisham, an area scarred by gang violence, was found to be the least peaceful area, overall the capital was markedly more peaceful than it was 10 years ago, with some of the biggest drops in some types of violent crime.

The capital's rate of homicides was far lower than in New York, Amsterdam, Brussels and Prague, he added.

Of the UK's "urban areas", the index found Glasgow, with a murder rate of double the national average, to be the least peaceful and Cardiff, with 60% less violent crime than Glasgow, the most peaceful.

Sheffield, Nottingham and Leeds came 2nd, 3rd and 4th respectively behind Cardiff in the urban areas peacefulness ranking.

Minimum wage

The IEP's report said that 80% of the 343 local authority areas it had evaluated had seen at least a 10% improvement in their peace over the past decade.

Continue reading the main story

Least peaceful local authorities

1. Lewisham, London

2. Lambeth, London

3. Hackney, London

4. Newham, London

5. Tower Hamlets, London

Source: IEP

"This is the fastest decline in violence of any country in Europe," it said.

"Cross-checking Home Office and Eurostat data against a number of metrics, such as hospital admissions, the UKPI shows that this dramatic fall is not a blip in police reporting - the UK really is becoming more peaceful.

"Reasons for this fall in violence are varied, however one of the more likely reasons, often overlooked, is the substantial improvement in police practices particularly related to the adoption of advanced technologies.

"Other factors which have had an impact in reducing violence include an aging population, decreasing alcohol consumption and, finally, rising real wages, supported by the introduction of the minimum wage."

Other findings include

  • Extreme poverty is the factor most closely associated with violence
  • The number of police officers had no correlation to levels of peace
  • Fear of crime is greater than the reality: 25% of Britons think they will be a victim of crime, but only 4% will experience crime
  • The UK homicide rate is now roughly equivalent to the Western European average and at its lowest level since 1978
  • But UK violent crime rate is significantly higher than the European average

The research follows the IEP's US Peace Index published last year.

IEP chairman Steve Killelea said the increased level of peace in the UK "cannot be narrowed down to any single factor".

But he added: "The findings of the UK Peace Index show that poverty and economic opportunity are significantly associated with peace, as supported by other international studies, including the US Peace Index.

"This suggests greater emphasis needs to be placed on programmes that tackle poverty and related issues, such as access to education and economic opportunity."#

Sir Ian Blair, former commissioner of the Met Police, said that, given the downward trend was across the developing world, he believed the fall was due to the "change in the way society views and abhors violence".

"We are a more violence-adverse society," he said.


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Lloyds' Co-op deal falls through

24 April 2013 Last updated at 04:28 ET

The planned sale of 632 UK bank branches by Lloyds Banking Group to the Co-op group has fallen through.

The Co-op blamed the continued economic downturn and tougher regulatory environment imposed on banks.

Lloyds said it will now seek to sell the branches as a stand-alone bank through a stock market listing.

It had been hoped that the Co-op's purchase of the branches would create a bigger competitor to the main high street banks.

Lloyds' chief executive Antonio Horta-Osorio said: "We are disappointed that the Co-operative Group is unable to complete this transaction."

The sales of the branches, known as Project Verde, was demanded by European regulators as the price for being bailed out by the UK government during the financial crisis.

The Lloyds statement said: "The Co-operative Group's board has decided that they can no longer proceed with a purchase of the Verde business given their view of the impact of the current economic environment, the worsened outlook for economic growth and the increasing regulatory requirements on the financial services sector in general."

During the summer the branches will be branded as TSB Bank, and the group will operate as a separate business within Lloyds ahead of a sale.

The Co-op's chief executive, Peter Marks, said: "After detailed and thorough consideration of all aspects of the Verde transaction, we have decided, at this time, that it is not in the best interests of our members to proceed with the transaction.

Continue reading the main story

For the Co-op and the banking market, the ramifications are much more serious."

End Quote

"Against the backdrop of the current economic environment, the worsened outlook for economic growth and the increasing regulatory requirements on the financial services sector in general, the Verde transaction would not currently deliver a suitable return for our members within a reasonable timeframe and with an acceptable level of risk."

The BBC's business editor, Robert Peston, said the Co-op's decision was a blow for the Treasury, which has been backing attempts to create powerful competitors to the UK's big high street banks. He said that the Co-op will now review the future of its banking business.

Challenger banks

Lloyds, which is 39%-owned by the government, had a deadline of November 2013 to complete the sale in order to meet European Commission competition rules. But there have been reports over the past few months that the Co-op was going cool on the acquisition.

A flotation is unlikely to be possible until the second half of 2014, which would mean the UK government and Lloyds asking Brussels to extend its end-2013 deadline for the sale.

Co-op agreed in 2012 to buy the branches.

This involved the potential transfer of 4.6 million customers, including 3.5 million in England and Wales and the remainder in Scotland.

Customers in England and Wales had already received letters telling them of the move and giving them the option to stay with Lloyds. This information is still relevant, as customers of the branches being sold will still become customers of the new TSB Bank.

The aborted takeover would have created Britain's seventh-biggest bank with about 5% of personal current accounts and mortgage market and about 10% of the branch network.

A Treasury spokesman described the Co-op's move as "a commercial matter." However, he stressed that government remained committed to encouraging so-called "Challenger" banks to increase competition on the high street.


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Primark boosts profits at AB Foods

Written By Unknown on Selasa, 23 April 2013 | 15.36

23 April 2013 Last updated at 02:58 ET

Clothing retailer Primark's "exceptionally strong" performance has helped owner Associated British Foods to report a big rise in profits.

Total sales at Primark rose by 24% in the six months to 2 March, while like-for-like sales - which strip out new store openings - were 7% higher.

Profit margins improved thanks to lower cotton prices and better trading.

Primark's performance helped AB Foods to report half-year pre-tax profits of £415m, up from £329m a year earlier.

In addition to Primark, AB Foods also owns British Sugar, and a number of well-known food brands such as Kingsmill, Ryvita and Ovaltine.

Revenue across the whole group rose to £6.3bn over the six-month period, up 10% from a year earlier.

Rapid expansion

With the UK economy and economies across Europe seeing weak or negative economic growth, Primark's focus on cheap clothing has proved to be popular among cash-strapped consumers.

"The Primark success story continues. The performance from Primark in the first half was exceptionally strong," said AB chairman Charles Sinclair.

"Trading in the period was very strong, the profit margin was much improved, customers in continental Europe have taken enthusiastically to the Primark brand and there is very real momentum in the addition of selling space."

The chain has been expanding rapidly. AB said that it had opened 15 new stores in the past six months, taking the total to 257.

Its expansion into Europe includes six new stores in Spain, two in Germany, two in Austria and one in the Netherlands. It plans to open stores in France in the next financial year.

It is faring much better than rival UK clothing retailers. In the first three months of the year, Marks and Spencer reported a 3.8% fall in general merchandise sales, which includes clothing.

However, the 7% rise in like-for-like sales at Primark over the half-year implies a slowdown in recent sales, as the chain had recorded a 9% increase in underlying sales during the first 16 weeks of the period.

As a result, while AB Foods expects strong profit growth from Primark in the full financial year, it would not be at the "same level" seen in the first half, said Mr Sinclair.


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Treasury queries Scots currency pact

23 April 2013 Last updated at 03:14 ET
Chancellor George Osborne

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LIVE: Chancellor delivers speech on Scottish currency

The case for an independent Scotland retaining the pound in a currency pact with the rest of the UK is "not clear", according to a Treasury analysis.

Scotland becoming independent from the UK would "be a profound economic change for both states", it said.

In a speech later, Chancellor George Osborne is due to argue there would be an unbalanced relationship between an independent Scotland and its neighbour.

The Scottish government says a currency pact would be in everyone's interests.

Voters in Scotland will be given the choice of opting for independence in a referendum in September 2014.

Mr Osborne and Chief Secretary to the Treasury, Danny Alexander, are due to launch their analysis of currency options for an independent Scotland in Glasgow later.

They are expected to argue that even if an independent Scotland did keep the pound, Scotland would lose influence over key economic decisions.

'Fairer country'

Mr Osborne told BBC Scotland's Good Morning Scotland programme: "The best arrangement for Scotland is the one we have at the moment where we are part of the United Kingdom, where we share the pound and all other options are second best."

Continue reading the main story

The currency Scots use matters to them, as it does in any country. People want to know their coins, notes, savings and investments are securely backed.

So the choice of the pound, the euro or a new Scottish currency is of fundamental importance to the debate on Scottish independence.

It's also quite a complex one. But the clash of Treasury and Scottish government should help voters better understand what's at issue; the management of risk, the role of stability, the freedom to tax and spend, and the constraints that come from international pacts.

There is, amid this, a fundamental disagreement over who owns the pound sterling now, and the Bank of England.

The Scottish government says Scotland can expect to share such institutions, post-independence, having spent 300 years building them up within the UK.

But the UK Government takes the view that if Scotland votes to leave the UK, it can't expect to make demands of the UK's institutions.

It's hard to see how these views can be resolved, without either a lot of compromise or the help of the courts.

He added: "Of course it is for the Scottish people to decide whether they want to be independent but the question of whether you have a euro-style currency zone between the rest of the United Kingdom and Scotland is, frankly, not just a decision for Scotland, it is a decision for England, Wales and Northern Ireland and I think it is unlikely that you could get a currency zone agreed by the rest of the UK that would work.

"That's because the rest of the UK would ask questions about why it was in their interests to enter a euro-style arrangement.

"We would expect as part of that to have discussed very strict controls on the budget that Scotland would be able to operate. In other words Westminster would have a greater degree of control than it does at the moment under our devolution arrangements."

The chancellor further claimed that the Westminster government could expect to have more control over Holyrood than Germany has over its eurozone partners.

This is based on England, Wales and Northern Ireland accounting for roughly 90% of the proposed sterling zone monetary union, whereas the German economy makes up 30% of the eurozone.

However, the Scottish government's currency plans find that comparisons with the eurozone are misleading, because unlike Greece and Germany, Scotland and the rest of the UK have integrated economies with similar characteristics.

Scottish Finance Secretary John Swinney said such a system would let an independent Scotland "use the vital tax and other economic powers of independence to create jobs, grow the economy and build a fairer country".

It is also argued that Westminster would want to have a currency union because more than £45bn of goods and services are sold to Scottish customers, and oil and gas from Scottish waters would contribute billions of pounds to the sterling zone's balance of payments.

Mr Swinney told the BBC's Today programme: "What the Treasury's paper is designed to do is to make things sound as difficult and obstructive as possible and I don't really think it is a helpful contribution to the debate.

"We invited a number of leading international economists, including Joseph Stiglitz and Prof James Mirrlees, to advise us on the macro-economic framework that we have put forward and I have accepted their recommendations in relation to currency.

"I think they put forward a very rational and considered case for the establishment of a sterling zone that can work in the interests of Scotland just as much as it operates in the interests of the United Kingdom."

Mr Swinney said the Treasury was "playing with fire" in its arguments.

Continue reading the main story

The UK government is making the point about the dangers and hazards, as the see it, of independence.

They say it is extremely challenging to create a currency union. They use the example of the Euro zone, which they say is a currency union without the close fiscal and political integration that is required.

In response to that the Scottish government gently, or perhaps not so gently, says George Osborne, given the current state of the economy under his stewardship, is hardly in a position to be preaching.

He said: "The chancellor is arguing in his paper that the UK would be the successor state, that it would hold on to the pound and we somehow could not get access to that.

"If that is his position then the UK as a successor state is obliged to hold on to all the debt and we would be liberated from a population share of UK debt of £125bn.

"Now if that is the kind of game and negotiation the chancellor wants to play he's welcome to do that but we are interested in a rational and considered discussion consistent with the Edinburgh agreement that both governments would work together to implement the outcome of the referendum next year."

The Treasury paper concluded that the economic case for a formal sterling union was not clear.

It also forecast that Scottish independence would lead to divergence between economies, leading to weakened integration and increasing difficulty retaining a currency union.

Fiscal risk

To manage the risk of two countries managing the same currency, the Treasury believes the authorities in London would need to exercise control over Scotland's policies, but it is argued that this would not happen in reverse.

The paper said: "An independent Scottish state would need to agree a negotiated set of constraints on its economic and fiscal policies."

This would "require rigorous oversight of Scotland's economic and fiscal plans by both the new Scottish and the continuing UK authorities. These constraints would need to reflect the difference in the degree of exposure to fiscal risk".

In the detailed analysis, due to be published in full later, the Treasury claimed it is "highly likely that an independent Scottish state would also have higher funding costs and face more constraining market conditions".

Particularly if Scottish membership of the European Union requires it to prepare for membership of the euro, the Treasury analysis said any doubts that a sterling pact might not prove durable could lead to "speculative activity" similar to the pressure that forced Britain to leave the European monetary union in 1992.


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Archbishop's warning over economy

23 April 2013 Last updated at 04:19 ET
The Most Rev Justin Welby

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Archbishop Welby: ''What we are in... is not a recession, but essentially some kind of depression''

It will take "something very, very major" to get the UK out of its economic "depression", the Archbishop of Canterbury has said.

A "severe" economic crisis and "a breakdown in confidence" made for "a generational problem", the Most Rev Justin Welby said.

"Recapitalising at least one of our major banks" and breaking it up into regional banks could help, he said.

He was speaking at a Bible Society-organised event at Westminster.

The former oil executive is on Parliament's banking standards commission and his comments come days before the release of gross domestic product figures that are expected to show the economy has stalled.

Archbishop Welby said that, in the past, "the great failures in banking have led to very, very long periods of recession at best".

"I would argue that what we are in at the moment is not a recession but essentially some kind of depression," he added.

"It therefore takes something very, very major to get us out of it, in the same way as it took something very major to get us into it."

'No horns or tails'
Continue reading the main story

His most eye-catching reform would be for a big bank - presumably Lloyds or Royal Bank of Scotland - to be strengthened by having much more capital pumped into it and then broken up into a number of smaller regional banks"

End Quote

The Archbishop said no-one had all the answers to dealing with the crisis, but a key move to rebuild confidence would be making sure people could no longer "drift" into senior banking positions.

However, he said that during evidence sessions heard by the Parliamentary commission, he had found bankers were "not nearly as bad as one hoped that they would be".

"They do not come in with horns and a tail burning £50 notes to light large cigars," he said.

They had made two "slightly unsophisticated" errors, he said, which were to "borrow short and lend long" and to lend "very, very large amounts of money to people who could not pay them back".

"Those two errors alone are quite enough to bankrupt any bank," he said.

He added that, when banks became distant from the communities they served, problems were created, saying "at least part of the banking system should be local".

The BBC's Business Editor, Robert Peston, said the archbishop's suggestion for breaking up a big bank to create smaller, local banks would be pretty expensive for taxpayers, both because of the capital the UK would need to inject into such a bank, and because breaking it up would involve massive IT challenges.

However, there might actually be benefits for taxpayers and others shareholders in doing so, our correspondent added, because some banks had become too big and complicated to manage safely.

Meanwhile, Chancellor George Osborne told BBC Radio 4's Today programme the archbishop was right to underline that Britain was recovering from a "very deep banking crisis".

But asked if he agreed the country was going through a sort of economic depression, Mr Osborne replied: "I don't use that word."

He added: "I put the Archbishop of Canterbury onto the Banking Commission... and I agree with his analysis that we have a slow and difficult recovery because of the problems in the banking system - and those are the problems that need addressing."


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Race row councillor remarks probed

23 April 2013 Last updated at 04:20 ET

Comments by a former Tory councillor about children from ethnic minorities are being looked into by Sussex Police.

The force said it had received two complaints about remarks by Chichester and West Sussex councillor John Cherry.

Mr Cherry, 73, resigned from the Conservative Party after claiming Pakistani children would fail to "rise to the top" and some nationalities were "uncertain" when it came to hard work.

He was commenting on plans for an Eton-style boarding school in West Sussex.

A spokesman for Sussex Police said: "The remarks attributed to Mr Cherry in the Mail on Sunday have been subject of complaints to us by two members of the public, and we are currently assessing the remarks to see what steps should be taken next."

In resigning Mr Cherry, who represents the village of Stedham, said the comments were "extremely foolish".

His remarks were heavily criticised and led to moves by the Conservative Party to suspend him.

Both West Sussex County Council and Chichester District Council have referred the issue to their standards committees to be investigated.

'Sexual volcano'

The south London-based Durand Academy intends to open a boarding school in Stedham for children aged 13 to 18.

Head teacher Greg Martin said the academy wanted to give the youngsters, who were 97% African Caribbean, a boarding school with an extended day to give them a greater depth of study and experiences.

But Mr Cherry told the paper: "Ninety-seven per cent of pupils will be black or Asian. It depends what type of Asian. If they're Chinese they'll rise to the top. If they're Indian they'll rise to the top. If they're Pakistani they won't.

"There are certain nationalities where hard work is highly valued. There are certain nationalities where they are uncertain what this hard work is all about.

"If the children are not allowed out of the site then it will make them want to escape into the forest - it will be a sexual volcano."

On resigning from the Conservative Party, Mr Cherry issued a statement which said: "My remarks about Durand Academy, as reported in the Mail on Sunday, were plainly wrong.

"They were thoughtless and extremely foolish. I unreservedly apologise and withdraw them. I very much regret the distress this must have caused."


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